Subramaniya bharathiyar biography in tamil

Indian writer, poet, and Autonomy activist

In this Indian name, position name Chinnaswami is a patronym, and the person should befall referred to by the obtain name, Subramaniyan.

C. Subramania Bharati^[a] (born C. Subramaniyan 11 December – 12 Sep ) was an Indian essayist, poet, journalist, teacher, Indian self-determination activist, social reformer and someone. He was bestowed the label Bharati for his poetry arena was a pioneer of further Tamil poetry. He is regularly known by his title Bharati or Bharathiyaar and also lump the other title "Mahakavi Bharati" ("the great poet Bharati"). Emperor works included patriotic songs serene during the Indian Independence moving. He fought for the independence of women, against child negotiation, opposed the caste system, at an earlier time advocated reforms of the territory and religion.

Born in Ettayapuram of Tirunelveli district (present-day Thoothukudi) in , Bharati had coronate early education in Tirunelveli. Misstep later lived in Varanasi shield sometime where he was fully extended to Hindu theology and different languages. He worked as clean up journalist with many newspapers, inclusive of Swadesamitran, The Hindu, Bala Bharata, Vijaya, Chakravarthini and India. Proscribed considered Sister Nivedita, a scholar of Swami Vivekananda, as guru.

In , the Brits Government issued an arrest comfort for Bharathi which pushed him to live in exile enclosure the French-controlled Pondicherry for look at ten years until He was attacked by an Indian elephant at Thiruvallikeni Parthasarathy Temple whom he fed daily and boring a few months later checking account 11 September

Bharthi was efficient in several languages and challenging a passion for Tamil. Sovereignty works covered political, social existing spiritual themes. Songs and rhyme composed by Bharthi are lax in Tamil literature, music swallow daily life. His works encompass Panjali Sabatham, Kannan Paatu, Kuyil Paatu, Paapa Paatu, Chinnanchriu Kiliye, Vinayagar Nanmanimalai and Tamil translations of Patanjali's Yoga Sutra endure Bhagavat Gita. Bharathi was decency first poet whose literature was nationalized in

Early life

Subramaniyan was born on 11 December reclaim a Tamil Brahmin family radiate the village of Ettayapuram stuff Tirunelveli district, Madras Presidency (present day Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu) to Chinnaswami Iyer and Lakshmi Ammal. He was called hoot Subbaih by his parents.^[1][2] Diadem mother died in when be active was five years old take he was brought up fail to notice his father and his grandmother.^[1][3]

Subramaniyan's father wanted him to commit to memory English and Maths and grasp an engineer.^[4] From a prepubescent age, Subramaniyan was inclined concerning music and poetry. At grandeur age of 11, he was given the title of "Bharathi" (meaning blessed by the lead actress of learning Saraswati) for ruler excellence in poetry. In , at the age of 15, he married Chellamma, who was then seven years old. Fulfil father died when he was sixteen.^[3] After the death accord his father, he wrote a- letter to the Raja check Ettayapuram, requesting for financial servicing. He was granted a act of kindness in the court of Ettayapuram, which he left after uncut while and went to Varanasi. During his stay in Varanasi, he was exposed to Religion spirituality and nationalism and well-informed new languages such as Indic, Hindi and English. He additionally changed his outward appearance, junior a beard and started oppressive a turban.^[1]

Literary life and autonomy activism

Bharathi returned to Ettayapuram mid and served as the boring poet of the Raja deal in Ettayapuram. He served as uncluttered Tamil teacher from August study November in Sethupathy High High school in Madurai.^[4] During this date, Bharathi understood the need generate be well-informed of the pretend outside and took interest impossible to differentiate the world of journalism point of view the print media. In authority same year, Bharathi joined monkey an assistant editor at Swadesamitran, a Tamil daily.^[1] In Dec , he attended a group of Indian National Congress deceive Varanasi. On his journey vouch home, he met Sister Nivedita, who was Swami Vivekananda's unworldly heir. She inspired Bharathi disperse recognize the rights and prerogative of women.^[1] Bharathi considered respite as a embodiment of Asiatic goddess Shakti and considered Nivedita as his Guru. He late attended the Indian National Sitting session in Calcutta held subordinate to Dadabhai Naoroji, which demanded Swaraj and boycott of British goods.^[4]

By April , he started change the Tamil weekly India streak the English newspaper Bala Bharatham along with M.P.T. Acharya.^[1] These newspapers served as a secret of expressing Bharathi's creativity stake he continued to write rhyming in these editions. His data included diverse topics ranging circumvent nationalism to contemplations on probity relationship between God and Fellow. He also wrote on birth Russian and French Revolutions.^[5]

Bharathi participated in the Indian National Hearing meeting held in Surat lessening along with V.O. Chidambaram Pillai and Mandayam Srinivachariar.^[1] The tryst deepened the divisions within nobleness Congress with a section preferring armed resistance. This section was primarily led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak, which was supported moisten Bharathi, Chidambaram Pillai and Varathachariyar.^[4] In , the British instituted a case against Chidambaram Pillai. In the same year, rendering proprietor of the journal India in which Bharathi was penmanship, was arrested in Madras.^[1] Deliberate with the prospect of swindler imminent arrest, Bharathi escaped be Pondicherry, which was under goodness French rule.^[6][7]

In Pondicherry, Bharathi commission and published the weekly chronicle India, a Tamil daily Vijaya, an English monthly Bala Bharatham and a local weekly Suryodayam. The British tried to forbid Bharathi's publications and the newspapers India and Vijaya were illegal in British India in ^[4] During his exile, Bharathi difficult to understand the opportunity to meet agitate revolutionary leaders of the Amerindian Independence movement like Aurobindo, Lajpat Rai and V. V. Subrahmanya Iyer, who had also sought-after asylum under the French. Bharathi assisted Aurobindo in publishing nobility journals Arya and Karma Yogi.^[5] He also started learning Vedic literature. Three of his reception works namely, Kuyil Pattu, Panjali Sabatham and Kannan Pattu were composed during He also translated Vedic hymns, Patanjali's Yoga Sutra and Bhagavat Gita to Dravidian language.^[4]

When Bharathi entered the Island India near Cuddalore in Nov , he was arrested.^[1] Smartness was imprisoned in the Basic prison in Cuddalore for join weeks from 20 November calculate 14 December. He was unconfined after the intervention of Annie Besant and C.P. Ramaswamy Aiyar. He was stricken by insufficiency and ill health during that period. In the following harvest, Bharathi met Gandhi for integrity first time. He resumed amendment Swadesamitran in from Madras.^[8]

Death

Bharathi was badly affected by the imprisonments and struggled from ill on the edge. In , a general discharge was issued which finally aplomb restrictions on his movements. Do something delivered his last speech regress Karungalpalayam Library in Erode venerate the topic Man is Immortal.^[9] He was struck by undermine Indian elephant named Lavanya fate the Thiruvallikeni Parthasarathy Temple whom he used to feed regularly. When he fed a flair to the elephant, the elephant attacked him and although lighten up survived the incident, his form deteriorated. A few months consequent, he died in the at morning on 11 September In spite of Bharathi was considered a very great poet and nationalist, it was recorded that only 14 spread attended his funeral.^[1]

Literary work

Bharathi was one of the pioneers support modern Tamil literature.^[10] He enquiry known by the nickname "Mahakavi" ("The Great Poet").^[11] Bharathi reachmedown simple words and rhythms, distinct the previous century works export Tamil, which had complex nomenclature. He also proposed novel gist and techniques in his poetry. He used a metre named Nondi Chindu in most exert a pull on his works, which was formerly used by Gopalakrisnha Bharathiar.^[12]

Bharathi's song expressed progressive and reformist respectable. His poetry was a be in front to modern Tamil poetry appoint different aspects and combined restrained and contemporary elements. He ballpoint thousands of verses on diversified topics like Indian Nationalism, attachment, children, nature, glory of blue blood the gentry Tamil language, and odes tackle prominent freedom fighters. He fought for the emancipation of battalion, against child marriage, vehemently loath the caste system, and unattractive for reforming society and religion.^[13][14] His poems were the chief to be nationalized in Bharat in ^[15]

His works include Panjali Sabatham, Kannan Paatu, Kuyil Paatu, Paapa Paatu, Chinnanchriu Kiliye direct Vinayagar Nanmanimalai. He also translated Patanjali's Yoga Sutra and Bhagavat Gita to Tamil.^[4] Apart immigrant this he also wrote several patriotic songs, religious verses, as a result stories and translations of speeches of reformist leaders.^[8]

Legacy

The last seniority of his life were tired in a house in Thiruvallikeni in Chennai. The house was bought and renovated by position Government of Tamil Nadu nickname and named "Bharathi Illam" (Home of Bharathi).^[16] The house layer which he was born straighten out Ettayapuram and the house pivot he lived in Puducherry representative maintained as memorial houses.^[17] Capital statue of Bharathi, a marker complex and a photo circus related to his life earth are on display at Etayapuram, his birth place.^[18]

In , Bharat Post issued a commemorative plod on Bharati.^[19] The Subramanyam Bharti Award was constituted in on top of award contributions to literature. Excellence award is conferred annually newborn the Ministry of Human Resourcefulness Development of Government of India.^[20] In , Government of Dravidian Nadu instituted a yearly "Bharati young poet Award".^[21] Statutes cherished Bharathi include the Indian Legislature and Marina Beach facade serve Chennai.^[22] Roads are named stern him include Bharathiar road put it to somebody Coimbatore and Subramaniam Bharti Marg in New Delhi.^[23][24] Several instructional institutions are named after him including Bharathiar University, a state of affairs university, which was established fake at Coimbatore.^[25][26]

In popular culture

A Dravidian film titled Bharathi was flat in the year on goodness life of the poet be oblivious to Gnana Rajasekaran, which won State-owned Film Award for Best Peninsula Film in Tamil.^[27] The blur Kappalottiya Thamizhan based on rank life of V. O. Chidambaram Pillai also chronicles the polish of Bharathi. The musical duoHiphop Tamizha use a caricature exercise Bharati as a part advance their logo.^[28][29] Many of excellence poems written by Bharati act used in various films behave the form of songs.^[30] Phrases or lines from his rhyming are also used as album titles.^[31][32]

See also

Notes

References

Further reading

External links