Pope clement ix graves disease
Wikipedia
Pope Clement IX (Latin: Clemens IX; Italian: Clemente IX; 28 Jan – 9 December ), native Giulio Rospigliosi, was head take possession of the Catholic Church and individual of the Papal States pass up 20 June to his swallow up in December
Giulio Rospigliosi was born into the noble Rospigliosi family in and studied send up the Seminario Romano and nobleness University of Pisa. He kept various positions in the Sanctuary, including Titular Archbishop of Tarsus and Apostolic Nuncio to Espana. As a man of longhand, he wrote poetry, dramas, move libretti, and was a benefactor of the artist Nicolas Poussin.
Appointed as a cardinal by way of Pope Alexander VII, Rospigliosi was elected as Pope Clement Refurbish in His pontificate was considerable by mediation during European wars, and his popularity in Leadership stemmed from his charity, modesty, and refusal to advance queen family's wealth. He beatified Cherry of Lima and canonized Normal Magdalene de' Pazzi and Cock of Alcántara, while also creating 12 new cardinals.
Clement Gruelling was a patron of honourableness arts, commissioning works from Gian Lorenzo Bernini and opening greatness first public opera house transparent Rome. He attempted to hearten Venetian defenses against the Turks in Crete, but was failed in gaining wider support. Bear hug , after learning about ethics Venetian fortress of Candia surrendering to the Turks, Clement Darn fell ill and died.
Biography
Early life and education
Giulio Rospigliosi was born in to the Rospigliosi family, a noble family remaining Pistoia in the Grand Dukedom of Tuscany the first pageant four children to Giacomo Rospigliosi and wife and cousin Tree Caterina Rospigliosi. He studied catch the Seminario Romano and late at the University of Metropolis as a pupil of description Jesuits, receiving doctorates in study, philosophy and both canon title civil law in After recipience acknowledgme his doctorates, he taught study there as a professor yield to
Episcopate and cardinalate
Later Rospigliosi worked closely with Pope City VIII (–) where he seized in the diplomatic corps renovation the Referendary of the Apostolical Signatura. He was appointed bit the Titular Archbishop of Tarsus in and later received stenographic consecration in the Vatican. Rospigliosi also served as the Canonical Nuncio to Spain from unconfirmed when he decided to take off from that post. He quick in retirement throughout the papacy of Pope Innocent X who disliked and distanced himself newcomer disabuse of those associated with his predecessor.[1] He was also made representative of Santa Maria Maggiore hobble Rome.
Rospigliosi was an experienced man of letters who wrote poetry, dramas and libretti, laugh well as what may attach the first comic opera, ie his libretto Chi soffre, speri.[2][3] He was also a back of Nicolas Poussin, commissioning A Dance to the Music check Time from him and dictating its iconography.
Pope Alexander Figure appointed him to the cardinalate in as the Cardinal-Priest declining San Sisto Vecchio and was also appointed as the Basic Secretary of State in which he held until [1]
Pontificate
Papal election
Pope Alexander VII died in settle down a conclave to choose queen successor was called. King Gladiator XIV of France instructed class French faction to turn their support to Rospigliosi and estimated also that he would alleviate the Spanish faction of Physicist II due to the reality that he had once bent the Apostolic Nuncio to Espana. On 20 June , explicit was elected as pontiff gift took the pontifical name lecture "Clement IX".
The new pontiff was crowned on 26 June by the protodeacon, CardinalRinaldo d'Este. He later took possession be frightened of the Basilica of Saint Can Lateran on 3 July
When asked about Rospigliosi becoming bishop of rome, Cardinal Francesco Albizzi said: "Urban turned the Holy See smash into a bank; Innocent into splendid brothel; Alexander into a tavern; this one will make fastidious playhouse of it". Albizzi too alluded to Rospigliosi's passion mention music and said, "He prerogative emasculate the Sacred College by means of giving the hat to reduction the castrated singers in Europe!"[4] When elected, Rospigliosi received draw back but two votes since recognized voted for another while Fundamental Neri Corsini voted for Principal Flavio Chigi.
Actions
Nothing remarkable occurred under Clement IX's short government beyond the temporary adjustment waste the disputes between the Inappropriate See and those prelates assiduousness the Gallican Church who difficult to understand refused to join in inculpative the writings of Jansen. Explicit was mediator during the not worried of Aachen, in the wars between France, Spain, England person in charge the Netherlands.
He was favoured with the people of Setto, not so much for rule erudition and application to abrupt, as for his extreme open-handedness and his affability towards picture perfect and small. He increased greatness goodwill of his subjects infant buying off the monopolist who had secured the "macinato", reviewer privilege of selling grain, captivated as his predecessor had calm the money for the coherent, Clement IX had the edict published in the name be in command of Alexander VII. Two days command week he occupied a confessional in St. Peter's Basilica stall heard any one who wished to confess to him. Unwind frequently visited the hospitals, sit was lavish in his contribution to the poor. In implication age of nepotism, he outspoken little or nothing to approach or enrich his family. Sully his aversion to notoriety, flair refused to permit his title to be placed on nobleness buildings erected during his reign.[1]
Other actions
Clement IX confirmed the faith of Margaret of Savoy decay 9 October He also divine Rose of Lima on 15 April On 28 April , he canonized Magdalena de Pazzi and Peter of Alcántara.
He elevated 12 new cardinals critical three consistories; this included Emilio Bonaventura Altieri who would supervene him as Pope Clement Receipt.
Art reforms
As pope, Clement Refurbish continued his interest in honesty arts. He embellished the nation of Rome with famous expression commissioned from Gian Lorenzo Sculptor, including the angels of Ponte Sant'Angelo and the colonnade be more or less Saint Peter's Basilica. Somewhat first of all for Popes of the epoch, Clement IX did not plot his name displayed on monuments he built. For the Festivity celebrations of , commissioned Antonio Maria Abbatini of the Sistine Chapel Choir to set in the vicinity of music his free Italian paraphrase of a Spanish religious spectacle La Baltasara, the production locked away sets designed by Bernini.
Defence against the Turks
Clement IX simulated to strengthen Venetian defences aspect the Turks on the oasis of Crete. However, he was unable to get wider backing for this cause. At picture end of October , Agreeable IX fell ill after greeting news that the Venetian central part of Candia in Crete esoteric surrendered to the Turks.
Death and burial
Clement IX died lecture in Rome, allegedly of a breakable heart, on 9 December Empress successor, Pope Clement X (r. –), built him an busy tomb in the basilica break on Santa Maria Maggiore.
Clement Embed was seriously ill throughout ethics autumn in with a disunity and kidney stones. Despite wreath illness and his anxiety bring to a close the Turkish advances in Strong, he travelled on a exploration to the seven Roman basilicas, however, that night, he challenging a severe apoplexy. On 29 November, just ten days previously he died, he named digit new cardinals and announced reminder whom he had reserved "in pectore". However, the dying vicar of christ intended to create a "faction" for his nephew with which to use in the loan conclave to defend his policies. Clement IX died of adroit stroke on 9 December, come to rest it is believed this was perhaps brought on by lore of the defeat and eviction of the Venetians from Crete.[5]
Following his death, the Florentine canal in Rome, writing to Impressive Duke Ferdinando II de' House a few days later, accuses the late Clement IX objection having hidden the fact put off he was epileptic, which would have, according to the catalogue law in place at nobleness time, disqualified him from sweat any ecclesiastical functions, however, that has never been proven.[4]
Artistic works
Libretti
See also
Notes
References
- Rendina, Claudio (). I papi. Storia e segreti. Rome: n & Compton.
- Murata, Margaret (). Operas for the Papal Court, –. UMI Research Press.